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The dark history of nuclear testing reveals one uber-powerful front-runner

Nuke totals
The nuclear test totals in 2009 ( from left to right) for the US, France, the UK, India, North Korea, Pakistan, China, and the Soviet Union. Alex Kuzoian/Business Insider

Though the United States hasn't set off a nuclear bomb since 1992, the country has still detonated more bombs than any nation in history. 

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The US, France, the UK, India, North Korea, Pakistan, China, and the Soviet Union have all tested nuclear weapons, and the world is now working to determine whether North Korea's claim that it detonated a hydrogen bomb underground on Jan. 6 is true

The total counts vary a bit whether you tally the number of tests or detonations, since sometimes multiple bombs were set off during the same test. But any way you add it up, the US still has more than any other country. 

The US Department of Energy (DOE) reports the total number of tests from 1945-1992 in the US was 1,054, and the number of explosions was 1,149. This doesn't include the two bombs the US dropped on Nagasaki and Hiroshima during World War II. 

On July 16, 1945, the US tested its first atomic bomb at the Trinity Site in Alamogordo, New Mexico. The blast released 18.6 kilotons of power, and knocked those watching from what they thought was a safe distance to the ground. 

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Each bomb had its own nickname, like Zucchini, Lacrosse, and Umbrella. The US tested the first hydrogen bomb, nicknamed George, on Enewetak Atoll in the South Pacific in 1951.

nuclear weapons test Enewetak bomb
The light from an atomic bomb test explosion is reflected in the waters of Enewetak Atoll on May 30, 1956. STR New / Reuters

In fact, most above ground US nuclear tests were conducted on various islands in the Pacific Ocean, with the most done on Enewetak.

The US government even relocated the island's locals to a new home in 1947 before carrying out the first tests there. In 1980, the residents were able to move back to Enewetak, and DOE scientists still monitor them for radiation today. 

Since 1962, all nuclear tests in the US have been done underground in order to limit the amount of radiation released into the atmosphere. These make up the majority of the total, according to the DOE, at 904 tests. 

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usnucleartestsites
The locations of nuclear tests in US states. DOE

The US and the Soviet Union agreed to various bans on nuclear weapons testing beginning in 1963, but a true moratorium didn't stick until the early 1990s after the Soviet Union fell. 

lastusnucleartest
The last US nuclear bomb to be tested, nicknamed Divider, being loaded underground for detonation in Nevada. LANL

The last American test was on September 23, 1992 at the underground Nevada Test Site. Its yield was equivalent to 20,000 tons of TNT

On October 2, 1992, President George H. W. Bush signed the test ban that stuck, and the US hasn't tested a nuclear weapon since. 

China, France, India, and Pakistan have tested nuclear weapons since the US and Russia stopped, but their last was in 1998, according to the International Atomic Energy Agency.

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Only North Korea has tested nuclear weapons since then. 

Watch the nuclear tests over time in this animated map: 

 

North Korea
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